INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR TACTICAL-SPECIAL TRAINING: SELECTED ASPECTS

Abstract

This article analyzes international standards for tactical-special training, focusing on their evolution, historical influences, specific aspects such as extreme driving, and the challenges of national-level implementation. The first section of the study examines the historical development of tactical-special training, from national standards to contemporary international norms. It highlights how international organizations, such as NATO and the EU, have influenced the formation of modern approaches, including adaptations to new threats and technologies. Historical events are explored to demonstrate how changes in geopolitical situations and new types of threats have impacted the evolution of training standards. The second section focuses on international documents and agreements that establish requirements for the training of military and law enforcement agencies. It shows how these standards ensure compatibility and effectiveness in international missions, including core requirements for physical and psychological preparation, shooting, urban combat tactics, and the use of special equipment. Particular attention is given to extreme driving as a critical component of tactical-special training. The significance of extreme driving for operational vehicle management in extreme conditions is defined, and international requirements for training in this area are compared. The analysis of implementation challenges at the national level reveals numerous legal and practical obstacles, such as the need to adapt national legislation and retrain personnel. Recommendations for improving implementation are provided, including the development of comprehensive adaptation plans and increased international cooperation. The article concludes with prospects for future research, which could focus on examining specific aspects of implementation, the impact of new technologies, and mechanisms for international cooperation. These studies could contribute to the enhancement of tactical-special training practices.