DIGITAL SPACE AS AN ECOSYSTEM FOR THE REALIZATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO INCLUSIVENESS

Abstract

The article provides a legal analysis of digital space as a multidimensional ecosystem within which human rights are realized and new mechanisms for overcoming barriers to inclusiveness are formed, particularly in conditions of martial law. It is emphasized that the digitalization of social processes, while being a catalyst for the expansion of personal autonomy, also highlights the risks of digital inequality, algorithmic discrimination, privacy violations, and reduced access to socially significant services for vulnerable groups of the population. Based on current international research on the situation of persons with disabilities in Ukraine in wartime, the phenomenon of «double vulnerability» is revealed, where physical and social barriers are exacerbated by digital ones, creating obstacles to access to medical, rehabilitation, information, and administrative services. The analysis focuses on legal models for ensuring digital rights in the context of general theoretical approaches and domestic research on digital inclusiveness. Particular attention is paid to the practice of the ECHR, which, although it does not single out digital rights as a separate category, is gradually forming legal standards for Internet access and guarantees of freedom of expression in the online environment. The article proves that digital inclusion during wartime becomes a legal imperative: unstable communications, cyberattacks, and restrictions on access to digital infrastructure can directly affect the realization of human rights, threatening the dignity, security, and vital needs of citizens. The article reveals the importance of integrating inclusive digital services, such as the Digital Inclusion platform, which demonstrates the effectiveness of cross-sectoral partnerships and the possibility of transforming digital technologies into a tool for communicative autonomy and the real participation of people with special needs in public life. It is argued that in wartime, the digital ecosystem not only performs a service function but also becomes a space for recording rights, a tool for proving war crimes, and a guarantee of access to the state and social support. In conclusion, the author argues for the need to develop a comprehensive model of digital rights and inclusive digital policy in Ukraine that can ensure a balance between technological progress, security, and the humanistic dimension of the legal system.